| Title | Early childhood antibiotic utilization for infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit. |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2022 |
| Authors | Flannery DD, Passarella M, Mukhopadhyay S, Dhudasia MB, Gerber JS, Lorch SA, Hennessy S, Puopolo KM |
| Journal | J Perinatol |
| Date Published | 2022 Apr 05 |
| ISSN | 1476-5543 |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To determine antibiotic utilization for NICU infants, as compared to non-NICU infants, in the first 3 years after birth hospital discharge. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study using data from Medicaid Analytic Extract including 667 541 newborns discharged from 2007-2011. Associations between NICU admission and antibiotic prescription were assessed using regression models, adjusting for confounders, and stratified by gestational age and birth weight. RESULTS: 596 999 infants (89.4%) received ≥1 antibiotic, with a median of 4 prescriptions per 3 person-years (IQR 2-8). Prescribed antibiotics and associated indication were similar between groups. Compared to non-NICU infants (N = 586 227), NICU infants (N = 81 314) received more antibiotic prescriptions (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.08,1.08)). Similar results were observed in all NICU subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic utilization in early childhood was higher among infants discharged from NICUs compared to non-NICU infants. |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41372-022-01380-y |
| Alternate Journal | J Perinatol |
| PubMed ID | 35383276 |
| Grant List | K08HS027468 / / U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) / |